Aleem Ilyas S, Jalal Hamza, Aleem Idris S, Sheikh Adeel A, Bhandari Mohit
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2009 Nov 3;3:21-4. doi: 10.2147/ppa.s4549.
Decision analysis has become an increasingly popular decision-making tool with a multitude of clinical applications. Incorporating patient and expert preferences with available literature, it allows users to apply evidence-based medicine to make informed decisions when confronted with difficult clinical scenarios. A decision tree depicts potential alternatives and outcomes involved with a given decision. Probabilities and utilities are used to quantify the various options and help determine the best course of action. Sensitivity analysis allows users to explore the uncertainty of data on expected clinical outcomes. The decision maker can thereafter establish a preferred method of treatment and explore variables which influence the final clinical outcome. The present paper reviews the technique of decision analysis with particular focus on its application to clinical decision making.
决策分析已成为一种越来越受欢迎的决策工具，有众多临床应用。它将患者和专家的偏好与现有文献相结合，使使用者在面对困难的临床情况时能够应用循证医学做出明智的决策。决策树描绘了给定决策所涉及的潜在替代方案和结果。概率和效用用于量化各种选择，并帮助确定最佳行动方案。敏感性分析使使用者能够探究数据对预期临床结果的不确定性。此后，决策者可以确立首选的治疗方法，并探究影响最终临床结果的变量。本文回顾了决策分析技术，特别关注其在临床决策中的应用。
