Department of Orthopaedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2010 Mar;293(3):519-30. doi: 10.1002/ar.21025.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) invariably results in the loss of neurons and axonal degeneration at the lesion site, leading to permanent paralysis and loss of sensation. There has been no successful treatment for severe spinal cord injuries to recover back to normal function yet. Studies have shown that the transplantation of stem cells may provide an effective treatment for SCI because of the self-renewing and multipotential nature of these cells. Stem cells have the capability to repair injured nervous tissue through replacement of damaged cells, neuroprotection, or the creation of an environment conducive to regeneration by endogenous cells. Up to today several types of stem cells have been transplanted into the injured spinal cord. However, the question of which cell type is most beneficial for SCI treatment is still unresolved. There are still several limitations to the current data sets which require further investigation.
脊髓损伤（SCI）必然导致损伤部位神经元的丧失和轴突退化，导致永久性瘫痪和感觉丧失。目前还没有成功的治疗方法可以使严重的脊髓损伤恢复正常功能。研究表明，干细胞移植可能为 SCI 提供有效的治疗方法，因为这些细胞具有自我更新和多能性。干细胞通过替代受损细胞、神经保护或创造有利于内源性细胞再生的环境，具有修复受损神经组织的能力。迄今为止，已经将几种类型的干细胞移植到损伤的脊髓中。然而，哪种细胞类型对 SCI 治疗最有益的问题仍未解决。目前的数据仍存在一些局限性，需要进一步研究。
