Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
Vet J. 2011 Feb;187(2):272-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.10.023. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
A wide variety of intoxications and abnormal metabolic conditions can lead to reactive seizures in dogs. Patient records of dogs suffering from seizure disorders (n=877) were reviewed, and 96 cases were associated with an underlying metabolic or toxic aetiology. These included intoxications by various agents, hypoglycaemia, electrolyte disorders, hepatic encephalopathy, hypothyroidism, uraemic encephalopathy, hypoxia and hyperglycaemia. The incidence of the underlying diseases was determined. The most common causes of reactive seizures were intoxications (39%, 37 dogs) and hypoglycaemia (32%, 31 dogs). Hypocalcaemia was the most frequent electrolyte disorder causing reactive seizures (5%) and all five of these dogs had ionised calcium concentrations ≤0.69 mmol/L. Eleven per cent of dogs with seizures had metabolic or toxic disorders and this relatively high frequency emphasises the importance of a careful clinical work-up of cases presented with seizures in order to reach a correct diagnosis and select appropriate treatment options.
多种中毒和异常代谢情况均可导致犬发生反应性癫痫。我们对患有癫痫疾病的犬（n=877）的病历进行了回顾性分析，其中 96 例与潜在的代谢或中毒病因有关。这些病因包括多种药物中毒、低血糖、电解质紊乱、肝性脑病、甲状腺功能减退、尿毒症性脑病、缺氧和高血糖。确定了潜在疾病的发病率。导致反应性癫痫最常见的原因是中毒（39%，37 只犬）和低血糖（32%，31 只犬）。低钙血症是最常见的导致反应性癫痫的电解质紊乱（5%），这 5 只犬的离子钙浓度均≤0.69mmol/L。11%的癫痫发作犬存在代谢或中毒性疾病，这一相对较高的频率强调了对出现癫痫发作的病例进行仔细临床检查以做出正确诊断并选择适当治疗方案的重要性。
