Mount Adele M, Belz Gabrielle T
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;595:299-318. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60761-421-0_20.
Respiratory viral infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Protection of the respiratory tract from pathogen infections, such as influenza virus, requires the orchestrated activation and trafficking of pulmonary dendritic cells (DCs) from the lung to the lymph node (LN) in order to ensure optimized T-cell responses. Gaining a better understanding of the cellular and molecular processes that protect the lung during infection is essential for future advances in vaccine strategies and treatments. Influenza viral infection in mice offers a very well-defined immunological system in which the underlying parameters regulating the generation of protective immunity can be elucidated. In this chapter, we review methods for quantitative analysis of DC and T-cell responses in a murine model infection of influenza. Antigen-specific tracking and quantitation of viral immune responses have been greatly facilitated by the advent of MHC tetramers and intracellular cytokine analysis, together with gentle isolation procedures for dendritic cells allowing detection of viral and endogenous antigens.
呼吸道病毒感染是发病和死亡的主要原因。保护呼吸道免受病原体感染，如流感病毒，需要精心协调肺树突状细胞（DCs）从肺到淋巴结（LN）的激活和运输，以确保优化的T细胞反应。更好地了解感染期间保护肺部的细胞和分子过程对于疫苗策略和治疗的未来进展至关重要。小鼠中的流感病毒感染提供了一个定义明确的免疫系统，其中调节保护性免疫产生的潜在参数可以得到阐明。在本章中，我们回顾了在小鼠流感模型感染中对DC和T细胞反应进行定量分析的方法。MHC四聚体和细胞内细胞因子分析的出现，以及用于树突状细胞的温和分离程序，使得能够检测病毒和内源性抗原，极大地促进了抗原特异性追踪和病毒免疫反应的定量。
