Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
FEBS Lett. 2010 May 17;584(10):2022-7. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.11.078. Epub 2009 Nov 26.
Ca(2+) entering cells through store-operated channels (SOCs) affects most cell functions, and excess SOC is associated with pathologies. The molecular makeup of SOCs and their mechanisms of gating were clarified with the discovery of the Orais and STIM1. Another form of SOCs are the TRPCs. STIM1 gates both Orai and TRPC channels but does so by different mechanisms. Although the STIM1 SOAR domain mediates the binding of STIM1 to both channel types, SOAR is sufficient to open the Orais but the STIM1 polylysine domain mediates opening of the TRPC channels. This short review discusses recent findings on how STIM1 gates and regulates the Orais and TRPCs, and how the STIM1/Orai1/TRPCs complexes may function in vivo to mediate SOC activity.
钙离子通过细胞内钙库操纵性钙通道（store-operated channels，SOCs）进入细胞，影响大多数细胞功能，而 SOC 的过度激活与多种疾病相关。Orais 和 STIM1 的发现阐明了 SOC 的分子构成及其门控机制。另一种 SOC 是 TRPC 通道。STIM1 门控 Orai 和 TRPC 通道，但通过不同的机制。尽管 STIM1 的 SOAR 结构域介导了 STIM1 与这两种通道类型的结合，但 SOAR 足以打开 Orais，但 STIM1 的多聚赖氨酸结构域介导了 TRPC 通道的打开。本文综述了近期关于 STIM1 如何门控和调节 Orais 和 TRPC 以及 STIM1/Orai1/TRPC 复合物如何在体内发挥作用以介导 SOC 活性的研究进展。
