Kanaly Charles W, Ding Dale, Heimberger Amy B, Sampson John H
Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3050, 220 Sands Building, Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2010 Jan;21(1):95-109. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2009.09.001.
Glioblastoma multiforme is a malignant, relentless brain cancer with no known cure, and standard therapies leave significant room for the development of better, more effective treatments. Immunotherapy is a promising approach to the treatment of solid tumors that directs the patient's own immune system to destroy tumor cells. The most successful immunologically based cancer therapy to date involves the passive administration of monoclonal antibodies, but significant antitumor responses have also been generated with active vaccination strategies and cell-transfer therapies. This article summarizes the important components of the immune system, discusses the specific difficulty of immunologic privilege in the central nervous system, and reviews treatment approaches that are being attempted, with an emphasis on active immunotherapy using peptide vaccines.
多形性胶质母细胞瘤是一种恶性、难治的脑癌，目前尚无治愈方法，标准疗法在更好、更有效治疗方法的开发方面仍有很大空间。免疫疗法是一种有前景的实体瘤治疗方法，它能引导患者自身的免疫系统摧毁肿瘤细胞。迄今为止，最成功的基于免疫的癌症治疗方法是被动给予单克隆抗体，但主动疫苗接种策略和细胞转移疗法也产生了显著的抗肿瘤反应。本文总结了免疫系统的重要组成部分，讨论了中枢神经系统免疫豁免的特殊困难，并综述了正在尝试的治疗方法，重点是使用肽疫苗的主动免疫疗法。
