Ji Jianfei, Black Keith L, Yu John S
Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, 8631 West Third Street, Suite 800 E, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2010 Jan;21(1):159-66. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2009.08.006.
Glioma, especially high-grade glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor, accounting for about half of all the primary brain tumors. Despite continued advances in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the clinical outcomes remain dismal. The 2-year survival rate of GBM is less than 30%. Better understanding of GBM biology is needed to develop novel therapies. Recent studies have demonstrated the existence of a small subpopulation of cells with stemlike features called cancer stem cells (CSCs). These GBM CSCs are self renewable and highly tumorigenic. They not only are chemo-radio resistant but also often contain multidrug resistance genes and drug transporter genes. These characteristics enable GBM CSCs to survive standard cytotoxic therapies. Among GBM CSCs, CD133(+) cells are a well-defined population and are prospectively isolated by their cell-surface marker. Increasing data show that the presence of CD133(+) CSCs highly correlates with patient survival, making these cells an ideal immunotherapy target population. The authors have reviewed recent studies related with GBM CSCs (particularly CD133(+) CSCs) and the novel therapeutic strategies targeting these cells.
神经胶质瘤，尤其是高级别多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM），是最常见且侵袭性最强的脑肿瘤类型，约占所有原发性脑肿瘤的一半。尽管在手术、化疗和放疗方面不断取得进展，但临床结果仍然不容乐观。GBM的2年生存率低于30%。需要更好地了解GBM生物学特性以开发新的治疗方法。最近的研究表明，存在一小部分具有干细胞样特征的细胞亚群，称为癌症干细胞（CSCs）。这些GBM CSCs具有自我更新能力且高度致瘤。它们不仅对化疗和放疗具有抗性，还常常含有多药耐药基因和药物转运基因。这些特性使GBM CSCs能够在标准细胞毒性疗法中存活下来。在GBM CSCs中，CD133(+)细胞是一个明确的群体，可通过其细胞表面标志物进行前瞻性分离。越来越多的数据表明，CD133(+) CSCs的存在与患者生存率高度相关，使这些细胞成为理想的免疫治疗靶标群体。作者回顾了最近与GBM CSCs（特别是CD133(+) CSCs）相关的研究以及针对这些细胞的新型治疗策略。
