Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Neuropsychologia. 2010 Feb;48(3):738-45. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.11.021. Epub 2009 Nov 27.
Infants from birth do express a sense of their own body as a differentiated entity among other entities in the world, an entity that is situated, physically bounded, organized, and agent in the environment. Quickly however, this implicit sense of self develops to become explicit, conceptual, and more importantly, public and social. This development would correlate with the maturation of specific prefrontal cortex regions. By 2 years of age, children begin to perceive and represent the embodied self through the evaluative, possibly coveting eyes of others. They become self-conscious. This developmental transition is further exemplified with the parallel emergence of an explicit sense of possession. By the second birthday, the "me" is extended to include the "mine", giving children new embodied power to share, exchange, and give.
婴儿从出生起就表现出一种将自己的身体视为与世界上其他实体有区别的实体的感觉，一个在环境中具有特定位置、有形边界、组织和作用的实体。然而，这种隐含的自我意识很快就会发展为显式的、概念性的，更重要的是，具有公共性和社会性。这种发展与特定前额叶皮层区域的成熟相关。到 2 岁时，儿童开始通过他人可能带有评价性的目光来感知和代表具身自我。他们变得有自我意识。这种发展转变进一步体现在明确的占有感的平行出现上。到 2 岁生日时，“我”扩展到包括“我的”，赋予儿童新的具身力量来分享、交换和给予。
