Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
Ecotoxicology. 2010 Mar;19(3):463-78. doi: 10.1007/s10646-009-0445-8. Epub 2009 Nov 28.
This article reviews the outcome of comprehensive investigations conducted in our laboratory at CMES, Ehime University over the past three decades on the distribution, sources, temporal trends and toxic impacts of the persistent and bioaccumulative organohalogen contaminants in Asia-Pacific region with a particular emphasis on developing countries. Results of multi-media monitoring studies were compiled and discussed to provide in-depth understanding on various issues of dioxins and organohalogen contamination in both ambient environment and animals including humans. Prominent contaminations were found in the regions where they have been heavily used. The eastern Asian region is probably a potential source of pollution, particularly by the new contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyls ethers. These groups of contaminants, together with polychlorinated biphenyls, exhibited either decreasing or increasing trends depending on the extent of industrialization in Asian developing region, indicating the necessity for long term monitoring. The open dumping sites for municipal wastes in major cities are significant sources of many toxic chemicals, and these areas are probably one of the challenges for future research due to the long term impacts on the environmental quality and human health. The formation of dioxins and related compounds in such dumping sites and their elevated residues found in breast milk of residents living in and around warrant long term impacts of dioxins upon next generations. Comprehensive and long term monitoring programs are urgently needed with close collaboration and proper capacity building in Asian developing countries in order to mitigate dioxin and organohalogen emission and their risk on ecosystems and human health.
本文综述了过去三十年来本实验室在日本爱媛大学 CMES 进行的有关亚太地区持久性有机卤污染物的分布、来源、时间趋势和毒性影响的综合调查结果，重点是发展中国家。编译和讨论了多介质监测研究的结果，以深入了解环境和包括人类在内的动物中的二恶英和有机卤污染的各种问题。在大量使用这些污染物的地区发现了明显的污染。东亚地区可能是新污染物（如多溴联苯醚）污染的潜在来源。这些污染物与多氯联苯一起，根据亚洲发展中地区工业化的程度，呈现出减少或增加的趋势，表明需要进行长期监测。主要城市的城市垃圾露天堆放场是许多有毒化学品的重要来源，由于对环境质量和人类健康的长期影响，这些地区可能是未来研究的挑战之一。在这些倾倒场中二恶英和相关化合物的形成及其在居住在这些地区的居民母乳中的高残留，证明了二恶英对下一代的长期影响。为了减轻二恶英和有机卤化物的排放及其对生态系统和人类健康的风险，亚洲发展中国家迫切需要进行全面和长期的监测计划，并进行密切合作和适当的能力建设。
