Yang Zhuo, Wang Zhan-Li, Li Bo-Wen, Zhang Rui-Fang
Enviroment Management College of China, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2009 Aug;20(8):2025-31.
Taking Brassica juncea as a hyperaccumulator, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillusme gaterium - Bacillus mucilaginosus mixed agent and Aspergillus niger 30177 fermentation liquor on the phytoremediation of Cd, Pb, and Zn-contaminated soil. The B. gaterium - B. mucilaginosus mixed agent not only promoted the growth of B. juncea, but also increased the soil Cd, Pb, and Zn uptake by the hyperaccumulator, with the phytoremediation efficiency enhanced greatly. The enrichment amount of Cd, Pb and Zn in B. juncea on the soil added with soluble Cd, Pb and Zn increased by 1.18, 1.54 and 0.85 folds, while that on the soil added with Cd, Pb and Zn-contaminated sediment increased by 4.00, 0. 64 and 0. 65 folds, respectively, compared with the control. A. niger 30177 fermentation liquor increased the soil Cd, Pb, and Zn uptake by B. juncea. Comparing with the control, the enrichment amount of Cd, Pb and Zn in aboveground part of B. juncea on the soil added with soluble Cd, Pb and Zn increased by 88.82%, 129.04% and 16.80%, while that on the soil added with Cd, Pb and Zn-contaminated sediment increased by 78.95%, 113.63% and 33.85%, respectively. However, A. niger 30177 fermentation liquor decreased the B. juncea biomass greatly, having less effect in the enhancement of phytoremediation efficiency. The analysis of reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography showed that the fermentation liquor of B. gaterium and B. mucilaginosus contained some organic acids such as oxalic acid and citric acid. These acids could dissolve the heavy metals to some degree, and accordingly, enhance the bioavailability of the metals.
以芥菜型油菜作为超富集植物，进行了盆栽试验，研究巨大芽孢杆菌 - 胶质芽孢杆菌混合菌剂和黑曲霉30177发酵液对镉、铅和锌污染土壤植物修复的影响。巨大芽孢杆菌 - 胶质芽孢杆菌混合菌剂不仅促进了芥菜型油菜的生长，还增加了超富集植物对土壤中镉、铅和锌的吸收，大大提高了植物修复效率。与对照相比，添加可溶性镉、铅和锌的土壤上，芥菜型油菜中镉、铅和锌的富集量分别增加了1.18倍、1.54倍和0.85倍；而在添加镉、铅和锌污染沉积物的土壤上，芥菜型油菜中镉、铅和锌的富集量分别增加了4.00倍、0.64倍和0.65倍。黑曲霉30177发酵液增加了芥菜型油菜对土壤中镉、铅和锌的吸收。与对照相比，添加可溶性镉、铅和锌的土壤上，芥菜型油菜地上部分镉、铅和锌的富集量分别增加了88.82%、129.04%和16.80%；而在添加镉、铅和锌污染沉积物的土壤上，芥菜型油菜地上部分镉、铅和锌的富集量分别增加了78.95%、113.63%和33.85%。然而，黑曲霉30177发酵液使芥菜型油菜生物量大幅下降，对提高植物修复效率的作用较小。反相高效液相色谱分析表明，巨大芽孢杆菌和胶质芽孢杆菌的发酵液中含有草酸和柠檬酸等一些有机酸。这些酸在一定程度上可以溶解重金属，从而提高金属的生物有效性。
