Psychology Department, Springfield College, 263 Alden Street, Springfield, MA, USA.
J Relig Health. 2011 Dec;50(4):931-41. doi: 10.1007/s10943-009-9305-3.
The present study was designed to examine mindfulness and stress levels in beginner and advanced practitioners of Hatha Yoga. Participants (N = 52) were recruited through Hatha Yoga schools local to western Massachusetts. Beginner practitioners (n = 24) were designated as those with under 5 years (M = 3.33) experience and advanced practitioners (n = 28) as those with over 5 years (M = 14.53) experience in Hatha Yoga. The participants completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown and Ryan 2003) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; Cohen et al. 1983) directly preceding a regularly scheduled Hatha Yoga class. Based on two independent-samples t-tests, advanced participants scored significantly higher in mindfulness levels (P < .05) and significantly lower in stress levels (P < .05) when compared to beginner participants. Additionally, a significant negative correlation (r = -.45, P = .00) was found between mindfulness and stress levels. No significant correlations were found between experience levels and mindfulness and stress levels. Hatha Yoga may be an effective technique for enhancing mindfulness and decreasing stress levels in practitioners.
本研究旨在考察哈他瑜伽初学者和高级练习者的正念和压力水平。参与者（N=52）通过马萨诸塞州西部当地的哈他瑜伽学校招募。初级练习者（n=24）被定义为有 5 年以下（M=3.33）经验的人，高级练习者（n=28）被定义为有 5 年以上（M=14.53）经验的人。参与者在参加常规的哈他瑜伽课程之前，直接完成正念注意意识量表（MAAS；Brown 和 Ryan，2003）和感知压力量表（PSS；Cohen 等人，1983）。基于两个独立样本 t 检验，与初级参与者相比，高级参与者的正念水平得分显著更高（P<.05），压力水平显著更低（P<.05）。此外，还发现正念与压力水平之间存在显著的负相关（r=-.45，P=0.00）。经验水平与正念和压力水平之间没有显著相关性。哈他瑜伽可能是一种有效的技术，可以提高练习者的正念和降低压力水平。
