探讨不同类型的瑜伽如何在单次课程中改变心理资源和情绪健康。
Exploring how different types of yoga change psychological resources and emotional well-being across a single session.
机构信息
University of Connecticut, USA.
University of Connecticut, USA.
出版信息
Complement Ther Med. 2020 Mar;49:102354. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102354. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
OBJECTIVES
Yoga demonstrates beneficial effects in many populations, yet our understanding of how yoga brings about these effects is quite limited. Among the proposed mechanisms of yoga are increasing psychological resources (mindfulness, body consciousness, self-transcendence, spiritual peace, and social connectedness) that may bring about salutary effects on emotional wellbeing. Further, yoga is a complex practice comprising meditation, active and restorative postures, and breathwork; however little is known about how different components may affect mechanisms. We aimed to determine how an acute session of yoga (and its specific components) related to pre- to post- session changes in proposed mechanisms (psychological resources) and whether those changes were associated with positive changes in emotions.
DESIGN
144 regular yoga practitioners completed measures of mindfulness, body consciousness, self-transcendence, social connectedness, spiritual peace, and exercise-induced emotions (positive engagement, revitalization, tranquility, exhaustion) immediately before and after a yoga session (N = 11 sessions, each a different type of yoga). Perceived properties of each yoga session, exercise exertion and engagement with the yoga teacher were assessed immediately following the session.
RESULTS
Pre-to post- yoga, levels of positive emotions (engagement, tranquility and revitalization) increased while exhaustion decreased. Further, all psychological resources increased and closely tracked improved emotions. Additionally, aspects of the yoga session correlated with changes in psychological resources (mechanisms) and emotions.
CONCLUSIONS
Yoga may influence multiple psychological mechanisms that influence emotional well-being. Further, different types of yoga may affect different mechanisms. Results can inform yoga interventions aiming to optimize effects through specific mechanisms such as mindfulness or spirituality.
目的
瑜伽在许多人群中都显示出有益的效果，但我们对瑜伽如何产生这些效果的理解还相当有限。瑜伽的潜在机制包括增加心理资源（正念、身体意识、自我超越、精神平静和社会联系），这可能对情绪健康产生有益的影响。此外，瑜伽是一种复杂的练习，包括冥想、主动和恢复性姿势以及呼吸练习；然而，我们对不同成分如何影响机制知之甚少。我们旨在确定一次急性瑜伽课程（及其特定成分）如何与提出的机制（心理资源）的课前到课后变化相关，以及这些变化是否与情绪的积极变化相关。
设计
144 名常规瑜伽练习者在瑜伽课程前后立即完成了正念、身体意识、自我超越、社会联系、精神平静和运动引起的情绪（积极参与、恢复活力、宁静、疲惫）的测量（N=11 次课程，每次课程都是不同类型的瑜伽）。在课程结束后立即评估了对每个瑜伽课程的感知特性、运动强度和与瑜伽老师的互动。
结果
瑜伽课前到课后，积极情绪（参与、宁静和恢复活力）水平升高，而疲惫感降低。此外，所有心理资源都增加了，并且与情绪改善密切相关。此外，瑜伽课程的各个方面与心理资源（机制）和情绪的变化相关。
结论
瑜伽可能会影响多种影响情绪健康的心理机制。此外，不同类型的瑜伽可能会影响不同的机制。结果可以为旨在通过特定机制（如正念或灵性）优化效果的瑜伽干预提供信息。
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