Departments of Otorhinolaryngology and Neurology, University of Dresden Medical School, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2009 Dec;9(12):1773-9. doi: 10.1586/ern.09.115.
There is evidence from numerous studies, using both psychophysical and electrophysiological approaches, that impairment of olfaction is a characteristic and early feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Deficits in the sense of smell may precede clinical motor symptoms by years and can be used to assess risk for developing PD in otherwise asymptomatic individuals. Recent data indicate that over 95% of patients with PD present with significant olfactory loss. Thus, olfactory dysfunction should be considered a reliable marker of the disease. This review summarizes the available information about olfactory function in PD, indicating the advantageous use of olfactory probes in early and differential diagnosis.
有大量研究使用心理物理学和电生理学方法提供了证据，表明嗅觉障碍是帕金森病（PD）的一个特征和早期特征。嗅觉缺陷可能在临床运动症状出现前数年就出现，并可用于评估无明显症状的个体患 PD 的风险。最近的数据表明，超过 95%的 PD 患者存在明显的嗅觉丧失。因此，嗅觉功能障碍应被视为该疾病的可靠标志物。本文综述了 PD 中嗅觉功能的现有信息，表明嗅觉探针在早期和鉴别诊断中具有有利的应用。
