University of Missouri-Kansas City, School of Nursing, Kansas City, Kansas 64108, USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2010 Jan;31(1):15-20. doi: 10.3109/01612840903159744.
Measurement of the effectiveness of violence prevention interventions is in a developmental phase. Social capital provides a framework within which to examine this topic from a community perspective. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among three measures of social capital and attitudes about violence among Mexican-Americans. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of households randomly selected by block in two adjacent Mexican-American communities. Demographics, attitudes about and experiences with violence, and three measures of social capital (collective efficacy, neighborhood block conditions, community integration) were assessed. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses were used to examine indicators of violence attitudes and experiences. Of the 473 respondents who completed the survey, 323 (68%) were female, 393 (83%) were Mexican-American, 395 (84%) were born in the US, and 346 (72%) owned their own homes. Participants with high measures of collective efficacy were 1.68 times more likely to have negative attitudes about violence (CI 1.06-2.65) and 15.25 times more likely to have negative attitudes about couple violence (CI 9.05-25.74). Participants with high scores on neighborhood block conditions were 2.33 times more likely to have negative attitudes about couple violence (CI 1.40-3.87). Scores on community integration were not significant indicators of participants' tolerance and experiences with violence. Two measures of social capital were positively associated with and predictive of negative attitudes toward violence. The results suggest that primary violence prevention programs in Mexican-American communities should focus on strengthening a sense of collective efficacy and improving neighborhood conditions.
暴力预防干预措施的效果衡量正处于发展阶段。社会资本为从社区角度研究这一主题提供了一个框架。本研究的目的是检验三种社会资本衡量指标与墨西哥裔美国人对暴力的态度之间的关系。采用横断面调查的方法，在两个相邻的墨西哥裔美国人社区中，按街区随机选择家庭进行调查。评估了人口统计学、对暴力的态度和经历以及三种社会资本衡量指标（集体效能、邻里街区条件、社区融合）。采用描述性、双变量和逻辑回归分析来检验暴力态度和经历的指标。在完成调查的 473 名受访者中，323 名（68%）为女性，393 名（83%）为墨西哥裔美国人，395 名（84%）出生在美国，346 名（72%）拥有自己的房屋。集体效能得分较高的参与者对暴力的态度更消极的可能性是 1.68 倍（95%CI 1.06-2.65），对夫妻暴力的态度更消极的可能性是 15.25 倍（95%CI 9.05-25.74）。邻里街区条件得分较高的参与者对夫妻暴力的态度更消极的可能性是 2.33 倍（95%CI 1.40-3.87）。社区融合得分不是参与者对暴力的容忍度和经历的显著指标。两种社会资本衡量指标与对暴力的消极态度呈正相关，并可预测这种态度。研究结果表明，墨西哥裔美国人社区的初级暴力预防计划应重点增强集体效能感并改善邻里条件。
