Schembre Drew B
Division of Gastroenterology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2010 Jan;20(1):103-21, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2009.08.004.
The use of self-expanding metal esophageal stents has evolved dramatically over the last 20 years. Stents themselves have morphed from simple open-mesh wire devices to a variety of partially and fully covered metal and plastic protheses designed to resist in-growth and migration. Indications include grown considerably from simply palliating malignant dysphagia to the treatment of benign conditions such as refractory strictures, perforations, and fistulas, bridging tumors through neoadjuvant therapy and even serving as support for mucosal healing after ablative therapies. This article describes the current experience with esophageal stenting for malignant and benign conditions and examines new innovations in stent design and applications.
在过去20年中，自膨式金属食管支架的应用有了显著发展。支架本身已从简单的开放式网状金属装置演变为各种部分和完全覆盖的金属及塑料假体，旨在防止组织向内生长和支架移位。其适应症已从单纯缓解恶性吞咽困难大幅扩展至治疗良性疾病，如难治性狭窄、穿孔和瘘管，在新辅助治疗中跨越肿瘤，甚至在消融治疗后作为黏膜愈合的支撑。本文介绍了目前食管支架在恶性和良性疾病治疗中的应用经验，并探讨了支架设计和应用方面的新创新。
