Neumüller Ralph A, Knoblich Juergen A
Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), 1030 Vienna, Austria.
Genes Dev. 2009 Dec 1;23(23):2675-99. doi: 10.1101/gad.1850809.
Cell division is commonly thought to involve the equal distribution of cellular components into the two daughter cells. During many cell divisions, however, proteins, membrane compartments, organelles, or even DNA are asymmetrically distributed between the two daughter cells. Here, we review the various types of asymmetries that have been described in yeast and in animal cells. Asymmetric segregation of protein determinants is particularly relevant for stem cell biology. We summarize the relevance of asymmetric cell divisions in various stem cell systems and discuss why defects in asymmetric cell division can lead to the formation of tumors.
细胞分裂通常被认为涉及细胞成分在两个子细胞中的均匀分配。然而，在许多细胞分裂过程中，蛋白质、膜区室、细胞器甚至DNA在两个子细胞之间不对称分布。在这里，我们综述了酵母和动物细胞中已描述的各种不对称类型。蛋白质决定因子的不对称分离与干细胞生物学特别相关。我们总结了不对称细胞分裂在各种干细胞系统中的相关性，并讨论了为什么不对称细胞分裂缺陷会导致肿瘤形成。
