Ottinger Mary Ann, Lavoie Emma T, Abdelnabi Mahmoud, Quinn Michael J, Marcell Allegra, Dean Karen
Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2009 Oct;27(4):286-300. doi: 10.1080/10590500903310229.
Dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides impact neural systems in birds due to interference with sexual differentiation. Early endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) effects may delay maturation and have long-term effects on lifetime reproduction, especially in precocial birds that complete sexual differentiation prior to hatch. Semi-altricial and altricial species appear more resilient to EDC effects and show a gradient in sensitivity, especially in the neuroplastic song system. Embryonic steroid exposure occurs via maternally deposited steroids followed by embryo produced hormones; EDCs potentially affect these developing systems. As such, EDCs can impact lifelong fitness by acting on neural systems that regulate reproduction, metabolism, and behavior.
二噁英、多氯联苯（PCBs）和杀虫剂会干扰鸟类的性别分化，从而影响其神经系统。早期内分泌干扰化学物质（EDC）的影响可能会延迟成熟，并对终生繁殖产生长期影响，尤其是对于在孵化前完成性别分化的早成鸟。半晚成鸟和晚成鸟物种似乎对EDC的影响更具抵抗力，并表现出敏感性梯度，尤其是在神经可塑性鸣叫系统中。胚胎类固醇暴露通过母体沉积的类固醇，随后是胚胎产生的激素发生；EDC可能会影响这些发育中的系统。因此，EDC可以通过作用于调节繁殖、新陈代谢和行为的神经系统来影响终生健康。
