Center for Human Health and the Environment, W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Division of the National Toxicology Program (DNTP), NTP Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jun;32(3):283-297. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2018.03.011. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds that alter the structure and function of the endocrine system and may be contributing to disorders of the reproductive, metabolic, neuroendocrine and other complex systems. Typically, these outcomes cannot be modeled in cell-based or other simple systems necessitating the use of animal testing. Appropriate animal model selection is required to effectively recapitulate the human experience, including relevant dosing and windows of exposure, and ensure translational utility and reproducibility. While classical toxicology heavily relies on inbred rats and mice, and focuses on apical endpoints such as tumor formation or birth defects, EDC researchers have used a greater diversity of species to effectively model more subtle but significant outcomes such as changes in pubertal timing, mammary gland development, and social behaviors. Advances in genomics, neuroimaging and other tools are making a wider range of animal models more widely available to EDC researchers.
内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）是指改变内分泌系统结构和功能的化合物，可能导致生殖、代谢、神经内分泌和其他复杂系统的紊乱。通常，这些结果不能在基于细胞的或其他简单系统中建模，因此需要进行动物试验。需要选择适当的动物模型来有效地再现人类的体验，包括相关的剂量和暴露窗口，并确保转化的实用性和可重复性。虽然经典毒理学严重依赖近交系大鼠和小鼠，并侧重于肿瘤形成或出生缺陷等顶端终点，但 EDC 研究人员已经使用了更多样化的物种来有效地模拟更微妙但重要的结果，如青春期开始时间、乳腺发育和社会行为的变化。基因组学、神经影像学和其他工具的进步使更广泛的动物模型更广泛地可用于 EDC 研究人员。
