Department of Psychology, W112 Lagomarcino Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3180, USA.
Memory. 2010 Jan;18(1):49-57. doi: 10.1080/09658210903405737. Epub 2009 Dec 1.
Testing, or memory retrieval, is a powerful way to enhance long-term retention of studied material. Recent studies have shown that testing can also benefit later retention of related but nontested material (a finding known as retrieval-induced facilitation, Chan, McDermott, & Roediger, 2006), but the long-term consequences of this benefit is unknown. In the current experiment three retention intervals-20 minutes, 24 hours, 7 days-were used to assess the effects of testing on subsequent recall of the nontested material. The results indicate that the magnitude of retrieval-induced facilitation, like that of the testing effect (i.e., the memorial benefit of testing on the tested material), increases with delay at the beginning (i.e., between 20 minutes and 24 hours) but asymptotes afterward (i.e., between 24 hours and 7 days). Theoretical and applied implications of this finding are discussed.
测试，或者说记忆检索，是一种增强所学材料长期保留的有效方法。最近的研究表明，测试还可以有益于相关但未经测试的材料的后续保留（这种现象被称为检索诱发促进，Chan、McDermott 和 Roediger，2006），但这种益处的长期后果尚不清楚。在当前的实验中，使用了三个保持间隔——20 分钟、24 小时和 7 天，以评估测试对后续未测试材料的回忆的影响。结果表明，检索诱发促进的程度，就像测试效应一样（即测试对测试材料的记忆益处），在开始时（即 20 分钟和 24 小时之间）随着延迟而增加，但随后达到了一个稳定状态（即 24 小时和 7 天之间）。该发现的理论和应用意义将进行讨论。
