Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-3013, USA.
Memory. 2010 May;18(4):385-93. doi: 10.1080/09658211003702163. Epub 2010 Apr 19.
The testing effect is the finding that prior retrieval of information from memory will result in better subsequent memory for that material. One explanation for these effects is that initial free recall testing increases the recollective details for tested information, which then becomes more available during a subsequent test phase. In three experiments we explored this hypothesis using a source-monitoring test phase after the initial free recall tests. We discovered that memory is differentially enhanced for certain recollective details depending on the nature of the free recall task. Thus further research needs to be conducted to specify how different kinds of memorial details are enhanced by free recall testing.
测试效应是指从记忆中检索信息会导致对该材料的后续记忆更好的发现。这些效应的一种解释是，初始的自由回忆测试增加了被测试信息的回忆细节，然后在随后的测试阶段变得更加可用。在三个实验中，我们在初始的自由回忆测试后使用源监测测试阶段来探索这个假设。我们发现，记忆对某些回忆细节的增强取决于自由回忆任务的性质。因此，需要进一步研究如何通过自由回忆测试来增强不同类型的记忆细节。
