Knuth Alan G, Hallal Pedro C
Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil.
J Phys Act Health. 2009 Sep;6(5):548-59. doi: 10.1123/jpah.6.5.548.
In spite of all accumulated scientific knowledge on the benefits of physical activity (PA) for health, high rates of sedentary lifestyle are still observed worldwide. The aim of this study was to systematically review articles on temporal trends of PA and fitness, with emphasis on differences between children/ adolescents and adults.
An electronic search at the Medline/PubMed database was carried out using the following combination of keywords: temporal trends or trends or surveillance or monitoring and PA or exercise or physical fitness or motor activity or sedentary or fitness.
By using this strategy, 23,088 manuscripts were detected. After examination, 41 articles fulfilled all inclusion criteria, and were, therefore, included. The data currently available in the literature for adults shows that leisure-time activity levels tend to be increasing over time, while occupational-related PA is decreasing over time. Youth PA seems to be decreasing over time, including a lower level of activity in physical education classes. As a consequence, fitness levels are also declining.
PA surveillance must be strongly encouraged in all settings and age groups. Special attention must be paid to low and middle-income countries, where PA surveillance is virtually inexistent.
尽管关于体育活动（PA）对健康有益的科学知识已积累不少，但全球范围内久坐不动的生活方式仍很普遍。本研究旨在系统回顾有关PA和体能的时间趋势的文章，重点关注儿童/青少年与成年人之间的差异。
在Medline/PubMed数据库中进行电子检索，使用以下关键词组合：时间趋势或趋势或监测或监控以及PA或运动或体能或身体活动或久坐或健康。
通过该策略，共检索到23,088篇手稿。经审查，41篇文章符合所有纳入标准，因此被纳入。目前文献中关于成年人的数据表明，休闲时间的活动水平随时间推移呈上升趋势，而与职业相关的PA则随时间下降。青少年的PA似乎也在随时间减少，包括体育课上的活动水平较低。因此，体能水平也在下降。
必须大力鼓励在所有环境和年龄组中进行PA监测。必须特别关注低收入和中等收入国家，这些国家几乎不存在PA监测。
