CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
ISME J. 2010 Mar;4(3):367-76. doi: 10.1038/ismej.2009.128. Epub 2009 Dec 3.
The transition from a sterile gut environment to the development of microbiota in the newborns is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of exposure to bacterial communities on the development of gut microbiota in the newly hatched chicken. A total of 90 as-hatched chicks were divided into three groups. Groups A and B were treated with inocula of the cecal origin, whereas group C was fed with sterile water. The major bacteria in Inoculum-I to treat group A included Bacteroides (20.7%), Lachnospiraceae (17.2%) and unclassified Ruminococcaceae (16.1%), whereas group B was introduced with Inoculum-II composed of Prevotella (37.9%), Acidaminococcus (16.1%) and Dorea (12.6%). Analyses of the ileal and cecal contents over a period of 15 days showed that Inoculum-I resulted in a higher rate of colonization than Inoculum-II, but the colonization was predominantly in the cecum. The influence of Inoculum-II on group B was similar to that of water on group C, showing only a marginal effect on colonization. Microarray analysis showed that each group presented a distinct pattern of gene expression in the ileum. In group A, the most obvious changes were noted in genes controlling the function of ion transport, cell cycle and chromosome maintenance, suggesting that the inocula influenced gene expression. Our findings indicate that initial exposure to different bacterial communities could lead to the development of distinct microbiota and gene expression in the gut. It is possible to manipulate the gut microbiota by feeding to a proper bacterial composition at an early age.
新生动物肠道内无菌环境向微生物区系发展的过程尚不完全清楚。本研究旨在探讨暴露于细菌群落对刚孵出小鸡肠道微生物群发育的影响。将 90 只刚孵出的小鸡分为三组。A 组和 B 组用盲肠来源的接种物处理，而 C 组则用无菌水喂养。接种物 I 治疗组 A 的主要细菌包括拟杆菌（20.7%）、lachnospiraceae（17.2%）和未分类的 ruminococcaceae（16.1%），而 B 组则引入了由 prevotella（37.9%）、acidaminococcus（16.1%）和 dorea（12.6%）组成的接种物 II。在 15 天的时间里，对回肠和盲肠内容物进行分析表明，接种物 I 的定植率高于接种物 II，但定植主要发生在盲肠。接种物 II 对 B 组的影响与水对 C 组的影响相似，对定植的影响很小。微阵列分析显示，每组在回肠中的基因表达模式都不同。在 A 组中，控制离子转运、细胞周期和染色体维持功能的基因变化最为明显，这表明接种物影响了基因表达。我们的研究结果表明，早期接触不同的细菌群落可能导致肠道中出现不同的微生物群和基因表达。通过在早期喂养适当的细菌组成，可以操纵肠道微生物群。
