Takashima Hiroomi, Yamada Jun
Faculty of Health and Welfare, Department of Physical Therapy, The Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 1-1 Gakuen-Machi, Mihara, Hiroshima 723-0053, Japan.
J Cross Cult Gerontol. 2010 Mar;25(1):105-15. doi: 10.1007/s10823-009-9106-x.
This investigation addressed the questions at what rate and how an elderly Japanese woman, AA, lost kanji nouns between the ages of 83 years and 93 years. Results from a kanji naming task given twice with a 10-year interval showed that (1) on average, the size of AA's mental lexicon of kanji shrank at a rate of approximately 1% per year and (2) while ease of acquisition had the highest correlation with naming performance followed by kanji frequency, age of acquisition, and visual complexity in this order, a logistic regression analysis identified ease of acquisition and age of acquisition as potent independent variables. Results of error analysis indicated that visual encoding errors were most prevalent. The decline in AA's mental lexicon is discussed in light of the rates of declines in object naming ability reported in previous studies. The concept of ease of acquisition and the dissociation between AA's general mental state and lexicon of kanji are also discussed.
本研究探讨了一位名叫AA的老年日本女性在83岁至93岁之间以何种速度以及如何丧失汉字名词的问题。一项间隔10年进行两次的汉字命名任务结果显示：（1）平均而言，AA的汉字心理词典规模以每年约1%的速度缩小；（2）虽然习得难易度与命名表现的相关性最高，其次是汉字频率、习得年龄和视觉复杂度，但逻辑回归分析确定习得难易度和习得年龄是有力的自变量。错误分析结果表明视觉编码错误最为普遍。根据先前研究报告的物体命名能力下降速度，对AA心理词典的衰退进行了讨论。还讨论了习得难易度的概念以及AA的一般心理状态与汉字词典之间的分离。
