Vlahov D, Brewer T F, Castro K G, Narkunas J P, Salive M E, Ullrich J, Muñoz A
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205.
JAMA. 1991 Mar 6;265(9):1129-32.
Prevalence of antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was assessed among 10,994 consecutive male and female entrants to 10 correctional systems in the United States. The HIV-1 seroprevalence for the 10 systems ranged from 2.1% to 7.6% for men and 2.5% to 14.7% for women; seroprevalence among women was higher than among men across nine of 10 systems. Using age 25 years to divide the population, HIV-1 prevalence among young women (5.2%) was significantly higher than among young men (2.3%), but similar to that in both older women (5.3%) and older men (5.6%). Overall, HIV-1 rates for nonwhites (4.8%) were higher than those for whites (2.5%). Although categories were identified across correctional systems, which may serve to focus prevention programs, variability in rates among correctional systems indicates that program planning must take local conditions into consideration.
在美国10个惩教系统中，对连续收治的10994名男女进行了1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）抗体流行率评估。这10个系统中，男性的HIV-1血清阳性率在2.1%至7.6%之间，女性在2.5%至14.7%之间；在10个系统中的9个系统中，女性的血清阳性率高于男性。以25岁划分人群，年轻女性的HIV-1流行率（5.2%）显著高于年轻男性（2.3%），但与老年女性（5.3%）和老年男性（5.6%）相似。总体而言，非白人的HIV-1感染率（4.8%）高于白人（2.5%）。尽管在惩教系统中确定了不同类别，这可能有助于集中开展预防项目，但各惩教系统之间感染率的差异表明，项目规划必须考虑当地情况。
