Institute of Environmental Engineering, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Feb;85(6):1643-52. doi: 10.1007/s00253-009-2365-1. Epub 2009 Dec 4.
The anaerobic fermentation process has achieved growing importance in practice in recent years. Anaerobic fermentation is especially valuable because its end product is methane, a renewable energy source. While the use of renewable energy sources has accelerated substantially in recent years, their potential has not yet been sufficiently exploited. This is especially true for biogas technology. Biogas is created in a multistage process in which different microorganisms use the energy stored in carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for their metabolism. In order to produce biogas, any organic substrate that is microbiologically accessible can be used. The microbiological process in itself is extremely complex and still requires substantial research in order to be fully understood. Technical facilities for the production of biogas are thus generally scaled in a purely empirical manner. The efficiency of the process, therefore, corresponds to the optimum only in the rarest cases. An optimal production of biogas, as well as a stable plant operation requires detailed knowledge of the biochemical processes in the fermenter. The use of mathematical models can help to achieve the necessary deeper understanding of the process. This paper reviews both the history of model development and current state of the art in modeling anaerobic digestion processes.
近年来，厌氧发酵在实践中得到了越来越多的重视。厌氧发酵特别有价值，因为它的最终产物是甲烷，一种可再生能源。尽管近年来可再生能源的使用大大加快，但它们的潜力尚未得到充分开发。沼气技术尤其如此。沼气是在一个多阶段的过程中产生的，其中不同的微生物利用碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质中储存的能量进行新陈代谢。为了生产沼气，可以使用任何微生物可利用的有机底物。微生物过程本身非常复杂，仍需要大量的研究才能完全理解。因此，用于生产沼气的技术设施通常是纯粹凭经验设计的。因此，该过程的效率仅在极少数情况下才与最佳情况相对应。要实现沼气的最佳生产和稳定的工厂运行，需要详细了解发酵罐中的生化过程。使用数学模型可以帮助实现对该过程的必要更深入的理解。本文回顾了模型开发的历史和当前厌氧消化过程建模的最新技术。
