Scion, Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Jul 14;37(8):134. doi: 10.1007/s11274-021-03102-6.
Biogas and biohydrogen are compatible gaseous biofuels that can be blended with natural gas for reticulated fuel supply to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainably grown woody biomass is emerging as a potential feedstock in the production of biofuels. Woody biomass is widely available, uses non-arable land for plantation, does not require synthetic fertilisers to grow and acts as a carbon sink. The cellulose and hemicellulose fractions of wood are renewable sources of sugars that can be used for fermentative production of gaseous biofuels. However, widespread use of wood as a gaseous biofuel feedstock is constrained due to the recalcitrant nature of wood to enzymatic hydrolysis. Pretreatment makes cellulose and hemicellulose accessible to microbial enzymes to produce fermentable sugars. Here we review wood composition, its structure and different pretreatment techniques in the context of their effects on deconstruction of wood to improve hydrolysis and fermentative gaseous fuel production. The anaerobic digestion of pretreated wood for biogas and dark fermentation for biohydrogen production are discussed with reference to gas yields. Key advancements in lab-scale research are described for pretreatments and for pure, co- and mixed culture fermentations. Limitations to yield improvements are identified and future perspectives and prospects of gaseous biofuel production from woody biomass are discussed, with reference to new developments in engineered biocatalysts and process integration.
沼气和生物氢是兼容的气态生物燃料，可以与天然气混合用于管网燃料供应，以减少温室气体排放。可持续生长的木质生物质正成为生物燃料生产的潜在原料。木质生物质广泛可用，可用于种植园的非耕地，生长不需要合成肥料，并且是碳汇。木材的纤维素和半纤维素部分是可用于发酵生产气态生物燃料的可再生糖源。然而，由于木材对酶水解的顽固性，广泛将木材用作气态生物燃料原料受到限制。预处理使纤维素和半纤维素能够被微生物酶利用，从而产生可发酵的糖。在这里，我们根据它们对提高水解和发酵气态燃料生产的木材解构的影响，综述了木材的组成、结构和不同的预处理技术。讨论了预处理木质材料用于沼气的厌氧消化和用于生物氢生产的暗发酵，参考了气体产率。描述了实验室规模研究中在预处理以及纯、共和混合培养发酵方面的主要进展。确定了提高产量的限制因素，并讨论了木质生物质生产气态生物燃料的未来前景和展望，参考了工程生物催化剂和工艺集成方面的新进展。
