Meares E M
Division of Urology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Med Clin North Am. 1991 Mar;75(2):405-24. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(16)30462-x.
Several distinct types of prostatitis, or prostatitis syndromes, are now recognized. The most common forms include acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis, nonbacterial prostatitis, and prostatodynia. Bacterial prostatitis, caused mainly by coliform bacteria, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus faecalis, is often difficult to cure and usually requires extended therapy (4-16 weeks) with an appropriate antimicrobial agent that achieves therapeutic levels in the prostatic secretory system. About 90% of men with prostatitis have nonbacterial prostatitis or prostatodynia. Nonbacterial prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate of unknown cause. Patients with prostatodynia typically have sterile cultures and normal prostatic secretions but demonstrate an acquired voiding dysfunction on videourodynamic testing. Because nonbacterial types of prostatitis have no recognized infectious cause, treatment using antimicrobial agents is ineffective and unwarranted.
目前已确认有几种不同类型的前列腺炎或前列腺炎综合征。最常见的类型包括急性和慢性细菌性前列腺炎、非细菌性前列腺炎和前列腺痛。细菌性前列腺炎主要由大肠埃希菌、假单胞菌和粪肠球菌引起，通常难以治愈，通常需要使用能在前列腺分泌系统中达到治疗水平的合适抗菌药物进行延长治疗（4 - 16周）。约90%的前列腺炎患者患有非细菌性前列腺炎或前列腺痛。非细菌性前列腺炎是一种病因不明的前列腺炎症。前列腺痛患者的培养物通常无菌且前列腺分泌物正常，但在影像尿动力学检查中显示有获得性排尿功能障碍。由于非细菌性前列腺炎没有公认的感染病因，使用抗菌药物治疗无效且没有必要。
