Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Postbus 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
J Biomech. 2010 Mar 22;43(5):807-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.11.019. Epub 2009 Dec 3.
Because bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) are able to generate many cell types, they are envisioned as source of regenerative cells to repair numerous tissues, including bone, cartilage, and ligaments. Success of BMSC-based therapies, however, relies on a number of methodological improvements, among which better understanding and control of the BMSC differentiation pathways. Since many years, the biochemical environment is known to govern BMSC differentiation, but more recent evidences show that the biomechanical environment is also directing cell functions. Using in vitro systems that aim to reproduce selected components of the in vivo mechanical environment, it was demonstrated that mechanical loadings can affect BMSC proliferation and improve the osteogenic, chondrogenic, or myogenic phenotype of BMSCs. These effects, however, seem to be modulated by parameters other than mechanics, such as substrate nature or soluble biochemical environment. This paper reviews and discusses recent experimental data showing that despite some knowledge limitation, mechanical stimulation already constitutes an additional and efficient tool to drive BMSC differentiation.
由于骨髓基质细胞 (BMSCs) 能够生成多种细胞类型，因此它们被视为可再生细胞的来源，可用于修复包括骨骼、软骨和韧带在内的多种组织。然而，基于 BMSCs 的治疗方法的成功依赖于许多方法学的改进，其中包括更好地理解和控制 BMSC 分化途径。多年来，人们已经知道生化环境可以控制 BMSC 的分化，但是最近的证据表明，生物力学环境也在指导细胞的功能。使用旨在复制体内机械环境中选定成分的体外系统，已经证明机械加载可以影响 BMSC 的增殖，并改善 BMSCs 的成骨、软骨或成肌表型。然而，这些影响似乎受到除力学以外的其他参数的调节，例如基质的性质或可溶性生化环境。本文综述并讨论了最近的实验数据，这些数据表明，尽管存在一些知识局限性，机械刺激已经成为驱动 BMSC 分化的另一种有效工具。
