Laboratory of Membrane and Cytoskeleton Dynamics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2010 Jun;21(4):340-9. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2009.12.002. Epub 2009 Dec 4.
The Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs167 (BAR) domain superfamily consists of proteins containing the BAR domain, the extended FCH (EFC)/FCH-BAR (F-BAR) domain, or the IRSp53-MIM homology domain (IMD)/inverse BAR (I-BAR) domain. These domains bind membranes through electrostatic interactions between the negative charges of the membranes and the positive charges on the structural surface of homo-dimeric BAR domain superfamily members. Some BAR superfamily members have membrane-penetrating insertion loops, which also contribute to the membrane binding by the proteins. The membrane-binding surface of each BAR domain superfamily member has its own unique curvature that governs or senses the curvature of the membrane for BAR-domain binding. The wide range of BAR-domain surface curvatures correlates with the various invaginations and protrusions of cells. Therefore, each BAR domain superfamily member may generate and recognize the curvature of the membrane of each subcellular structure, such as clathrin-coated pits or filopodia. The BAR domain superfamily proteins may regulate their own catalytic activity or that of their binding proteins, depending on the membrane curvature of their corresponding subcellular structures.
Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs167 (BAR) 结构域超家族由含有 BAR 结构域、扩展 FCH（EFC）/FCH-BAR（F-BAR）结构域或 IRSp53-MIM 同源结构域（IMD）/反向 BAR（I-BAR）结构域的蛋白质组成。这些结构域通过膜上的负电荷与同二聚体 BAR 结构域超家族成员的结构表面上的正电荷之间的静电相互作用结合到膜上。一些 BAR 超家族成员具有穿透膜的插入环，这些环也有助于蛋白质与膜结合。每个 BAR 结构域超家族成员的膜结合表面都有其独特的曲率，控制或感知 BAR 结构域结合的膜曲率。BAR 结构域表面曲率的广泛范围与细胞的各种内陷和突起相关。因此，每个 BAR 结构域超家族成员可能会产生和识别每个亚细胞结构（如网格蛋白包被小窝或丝状伪足）的膜曲率。BAR 结构域超家族蛋白可以根据其相应亚细胞结构的膜曲率来调节自身的催化活性或与其结合蛋白的催化活性。
