Ruvolo M, Disotell T R, Allard M W, Brown W M, Honeycutt R L
Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1570-4. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.4.1570.
Mitochondrial DNA sequences encoding the cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene have been determined for five primate species, siamang (Hylobates syndactylus), lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus), crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis), and green monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops), and compared with published sequences of other primate and nonprimate species. Comparisons of cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene sequences provide clear-cut evidence from the mitochondrial genome for the separation of the African ape trichotomy into two evolutionary lineages, one leading to gorillas and the other to humans and chimpanzees. Several different tree-building methods support this same phylogenetic tree topology. The comparisons also yield trees in which a substantial length separates the divergence point of gorillas from that of humans and chimpanzees, suggesting that the lineage most immediately ancestral to humans and chimpanzees may have been in existence for a relatively long time.
已测定了五种灵长类动物的线粒体DNA序列，这些序列编码细胞色素氧化酶亚基II基因，这五种灵长类动物分别是合趾猿（Hylobates syndactylus）、低地大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla）、倭黑猩猩（Pan paniscus）、食蟹猕猴（Macaca fascicularis）和绿猴（Cercopithecus aethiops），并将其与已发表的其他灵长类和非灵长类物种的序列进行了比较。细胞色素氧化酶亚基II基因序列的比较从线粒体基因组中提供了明确的证据，证明非洲猿的三分法可分为两个进化谱系，一个谱系通向大猩猩，另一个谱系通向人类和黑猩猩。几种不同的建树方法都支持这同一个系统发育树拓扑结构。这些比较还产生了一些树，其中大猩猩的分歧点与人类和黑猩猩的分歧点之间有相当长的距离，这表明人类和黑猩猩最直接的祖先谱系可能已经存在了相当长的时间。
