World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), 12 Rue de Prony 75017, Paris, France.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2009 Mar;76(1):141-6.
The international trade in animals and animal products has become a sensitive issue for both developed and developing countries by posing an important risk for the international spread of animal and human pathogens whilst at the same time being an essential activity to ensure world-wide food security and food safety. The OIE has since its founding in 1924, applied a democratic and transparent decision-making process to continuously develop and review international standards for animal health and zoonoses to facilitate trade in animals and animal products. The role of the OIE is also mandated by the World Trade Organization (WTO) as international reference point for standards related to animal health. In support of its overall objective of promoting animal health world-wide, the OIE has also launched several other initiatives such as the improvement of the governance of veterinary services within its member countries and territories and to enhance the availability of diagnostic and scientific expertise on a more even global geographical distribution. Several trade facilitating concepts such as country, zonal and compartment freedom from disease as well the trade in disease free commodities has been introduced to enhance the trade in animals and animal products for all its members including those from developing and transitional countries who are still in the process of enhancing to full compliance with international sanitary standards.
动物和动物产品的国际贸易已成为发达国家和发展中国家都十分关注的敏感问题，因为它对动物和人类病原体在国际间的传播构成了重大风险，同时也是确保全球粮食安全和食品安全的重要活动。自 1924 年成立以来，世界动物卫生组织（OIE）一直采用民主和透明的决策程序，不断制定和审查动物健康和人畜共患病的国际标准，以促进动物和动物产品的贸易。世界贸易组织（WTO）还授权 OIE 作为与动物健康相关标准的国际参考点。为了支持其在全球范围内促进动物健康的总体目标，OIE 还发起了其他几项倡议，例如改善其成员国和地区的兽医服务治理，并在更广泛的全球地理分布上增加诊断和科学专门知识的供应。为了促进所有成员国（包括那些仍在努力全面遵守国际卫生标准的发展中国家和转型国家）的动物和动物产品贸易，引入了一些贸易便利化概念，如无特定疾病的国家、区域和隔离区以及无特定疾病商品的贸易。
