Bäckman L, Molander B
Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Sweden.
J Gerontol. 1991 Mar;46(2):P79-81. doi: 10.1093/geronj/46.2.p79.
Two field experiments are reported in which highly skilled miniature golf players varying in age were examined during training and competition (Swedish championships). Number of shots, heart rate, and subjective ratings of anxiety were registered. Results indicated that young and older adult players exhibited a similar increase of competitive anxiety from training to competition, as evidenced by both measures of arousal. In addition, whereas older players deteriorated in motor performance during competitive play, young players improved motor performance in competition. This pattern of results replicates and extends previous research. It is suggested that the data reflect age-related differences in the ability to cope with high-arousal conditions as a result of age-related deficits in task-relevant cognitive abilities.
本文报告了两项实地实验，研究对象为不同年龄的高技能迷你高尔夫球手，实验在训练和比赛（瑞典锦标赛）期间进行。记录了击球次数、心率和焦虑主观评分。结果表明，青年和老年成年球员从训练到比赛时表现出类似的竞争性焦虑增加，这两种唤醒指标均证明了这一点。此外，老年球员在比赛中的运动表现会变差，而青年球员在比赛中运动表现会提高。这一结果模式重复并扩展了先前的研究。研究表明，这些数据反映了与年龄相关的差异，即由于与任务相关的认知能力存在与年龄相关的缺陷，在应对高唤醒状态时的能力有所不同。
