Coping with biotherapy: physiological and psychosocial concerns.

Cancer treatment with biological response modifier (BRM) therapies is characterized by many of the same issues observed with other modalities. Yet, the nurse caring for the patient receiving BRM therapy frequently is faced with the need to develop interventions that respect both the integrity of investigational studies and the patient's unique needs. Coping with BRM therapy is influenced by many factors. Several models may be used simultaneously to assess coping behaviors and to provide effective interventions. The goals of investigational therapy and the management of symptom distress influence the ability to cope with BRM therapy. The interruption or impediment of normal adult developmental activities also influences the individual's response to the psychological stressors associated with this cancer therapy. Consequently, the most significant challenge faced by anyone receiving cancer therapy is the same for the individual receiving BRM therapy--living with uncertainty.