机械番茄采摘机操作人员接触百菌清的情况。

Chlorothalonil exposure of workers on mechanical tomato harvesters.

作者信息

Spencer J R, Bissell S R, Sanborn J R, Schneider F A, Margetich S S, Krieger R I

机构信息

California Department of Food and Agriculture, Environmental Protection and Worker Safety, Worker Health and Safety Branch, Sacramento, CA 94271-0001.

出版信息

Toxicol Lett. 1991 Jan;55(1):99-107. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90031-z.

DOI:10.1016/0378-4274(91)90031-z

PMID:1998201

Abstract

Worker exposure to chlorothalonil (tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, Bravo during mechanical tomato harvester operations of fruit for processing was estimated from passive dermal dosimetry monitoring (gauze pad and undershirt dosimetry), air concentration measurements and hand washes. Gauze pad dosimeters placed outside of workers' clothing gave an average potential dermal exposure of 499.6 micrograms/h. Dermal exposure based on undershirt dosimetry averaged 43.4 micrograms/h. Air concentrations ranged from 0.002-0.02 microgram/l. Dislodgeable fruit residues were measured and used to develop transfer factors (cm2 h) for both the pad dosimetry (450) and shirt dosimetry (40). Study results indicate that normal work clothing provides a 90% reduction in dermal exposure to chlorothalonil and that contribution of inhalation to total exposure ranges from 8.1-28%.

摘要

通过被动皮肤剂量测定监测（纱布垫和汗衫剂量测定）、空气浓度测量和洗手，估算了在加工用番茄机械采收作业期间，工人接触百菌清（四氯间苯二甲腈，商品名Bravo）的情况。置于工人衣服外部的纱布垫剂量计显示，潜在皮肤平均暴露量为499.6微克/小时。基于汗衫剂量测定的皮肤暴露量平均为43.4微克/小时。空气浓度范围为0.002 - 0.02微克/升。测量了可去除的果实残留量，并据此得出用于垫剂量测定（450）和衬衫剂量测定（40）的转移因子（平方厘米·小时）。研究结果表明，正常工作服可使皮肤接触百菌清的量减少90%，吸入对总暴露量的贡献范围为8.1% - 28%。