Teglia Federica, Collatuzzo Giulia, Boffetta Paolo
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, New York, NY 11794, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Feb 20;15(4):1334. doi: 10.3390/cancers15041334.
The facts that occupational cancer in women is under-investigated, with few in-depth analyses are well known. In recent decades the workforce has changed, with an increasing number of women employed. Therefore, the inclusion of women in occupational cancer studies has become more urgent and feasible than in the past decades. The difficulties to evaluate occupational causes of female gynecologic tumors in most past cohorts and the potential variation in outcome responses between men and women must be taken into consideration. This narrative review discusses women's occupational cancer as a current area of research, focusing on three groups of workers characterized by peculiar exposure to occupational carcinogens and where women are often employed: beauticians and hairdressers; farmers; and healthcare workers. We discuss the most relevant cancers in each working category, with a particular focus on female breast cancer. In the three industries reviewed in detail, there are some risk factors which may affect primarily women, inducing breast cancer and cervical cancer, as well as risk factors that are carcinogenic in both genders, but whose effects are less well known in women.
女性职业性癌症研究不足，深入分析较少，这是众所周知的事实。近几十年来，劳动力结构发生了变化，就业女性数量不断增加。因此，将女性纳入职业性癌症研究比过去几十年变得更加紧迫和可行。必须考虑到在大多数过去的队列研究中评估女性妇科肿瘤职业病因的困难，以及男性和女性在结局反应方面的潜在差异。这篇叙述性综述将女性职业性癌症作为当前的一个研究领域进行讨论，重点关注三组经常雇用女性且接触特定职业致癌物的工人：美容师和美发师；农民；以及医护人员。我们讨论了每个工作类别中最相关的癌症，特别关注女性乳腺癌。在详细审查的三个行业中，存在一些可能主要影响女性、诱发乳腺癌和宫颈癌的风险因素，以及一些对两性都有致癌性但在女性中影响尚不明确的风险因素。
