Harris E F, Johnson M G
Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991 Mar;99(3):258-68. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(91)70007-J.
There has long been interest in the inheritance of malocclusion, but few studies have distinguished between skeletal (craniometric) variables and occlusal, tooth-based variables (e.g., anterior irregularity, rotations, displacements). This study was based on serial assessments of untreated persons in 30 sibships from 4 years (full deciduous dentition) to 20 years of age (full permanent dentition) in the Bolton-Brush Growth Studies of Ohio. Results define a clear dichotomy: craniometric variables (k = 29) typically show significant additive components of variance; correlations increase from age 4 to age 20; and correlations average 0.43 at adulthood. Tooth-based variables of position and relationship (k = 21) reach significance only occasionally; correlations decrease with age to the extent that few variables for subjects at age 20 have a correlation significantly different from zero. In contrast to craniometric variables, which have high heritabilities, almost all of the occlusal variability is acquired rather than inherited.
长期以来，人们一直对牙合畸形的遗传感兴趣，但很少有研究区分骨骼（颅骨测量）变量和基于牙齿的牙合变量（例如，前牙不齐、旋转、移位）。本研究基于俄亥俄州博尔顿-布拉什生长研究中对30个同胞关系中未经治疗的个体从4岁（乳牙列完全）到20岁（恒牙列完全）的系列评估。结果明确划分出了一种二分法：颅骨测量变量（k = 29）通常显示出显著的加性方差成分；相关性从4岁到20岁增加；成年时相关性平均为0.43。基于牙齿的位置和关系变量（k = 21）仅偶尔达到显著水平；相关性随年龄降低，以至于20岁受试者的几乎没有变量的相关性显著不同于零。与具有高遗传力的颅骨测量变量相反，几乎所有的牙合变异性都是后天获得的而非遗传的。
