Steen Tore Waelgaard, Drage Mona, Solum Julie Anett
Helse- og velferdsetaten, Postboks 30 Sentrum, 0101 Oslo, Norway.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2009 Dec 3;129(23):2504-8. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.08.0713.
In year 2 000, the United Nations (UN) agreed on eight millennium development goals (MDGs). Goal number 6 is to combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other communicable diseases, including tuberculosis. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of current status and prognosis for this MDG, and to discuss strategies that need to be implemented to reach the goal.
The article is mainly based on publications from the UN or WHO-affiliated organizations.
The global HIV prevalence rate has remained at 0.8 % for the last ten years, but the total infected population is still increasing. Access to treatment has increased considerably, but only 28 % of those in need of treatment (and living in developing countries), received it in 2007. Global tuberculosis incidence and prevalence rates of tuberculosis are falling, but not in Europe and Africa. For malaria, there is more uncertainty, but there seems to be a declining incidence in many countries.
The MDG for HIV/AIDS cannot be reached by treatment alone, continued emphasis on prevention and more specific prevention strategies is necessary. The global targets for tuberculosis can be reached, but probably not in Africa; in addition, multi-resistant tuberculosis is increasing. Modern combination treatment, impregnated bednets and indoor residual spraying has led to a substantial reduction in the prevalence of malaria during few years in African countries.
2000年，联合国商定了八项千年发展目标（MDGs）。目标6是防治艾滋病毒/艾滋病、疟疾和其他传染病，包括结核病。本文旨在概述该千年发展目标的现状和预后，并讨论为实现该目标需要实施的战略。
本文主要基于联合国或世界卫生组织附属机构的出版物。
在过去十年中，全球艾滋病毒感染率一直保持在0.8%，但感染总人口仍在增加。获得治疗的机会有了显著增加，但2007年，在需要治疗的人群（生活在发展中国家）中，只有28%的人得到了治疗。全球结核病发病率和患病率正在下降，但欧洲和非洲除外。对于疟疾，情况更不确定，但许多国家的发病率似乎在下降。
仅靠治疗无法实现艾滋病毒/艾滋病千年发展目标，继续强调预防和更具体的预防战略是必要的。结核病的全球目标能够实现，但非洲可能无法实现；此外，多重耐药结核病正在增加。现代联合治疗、浸渍蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒已使非洲国家的疟疾患病率在几年内大幅下降。
