Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Spain.
Disasters. 2010 Apr;34(2):552-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7717.2009.01143.x. Epub 2009 Dec 11.
Small disasters are usually the product of climate variability and climate change. Analysis of them illustrates that they increase difficulties for local development-frequently affecting the livelihoods of poor people and perpetuating their level of poverty and human insecurity-and entail challenges for a country's development. In contrast to extreme events, small disasters are often invisible at the national level and their effects are not considered as relevant from a macroeconomic standpoint. Nevertheless, their accumulated impact causes economic, environmental and social problems. This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the DesInventar database, developed in 1994 by the Network for Social Studies in Disaster Prevention in Latin America. In addition, it proposes a new version of the Local Disaster Index developed in 2005 within the framework of the Disaster Risk and Management Indicators Program for the Americas, with the support of the Inter-American Development Bank.
小型灾害通常是气候变异性和气候变化的产物。对它们的分析表明，它们增加了地方发展的困难——经常影响到穷人的生计，并使他们的贫困和人类不安全状况长期存在——并给国家的发展带来挑战。与极端事件不同，小型灾害在国家一级往往是看不见的，从宏观经济角度来看，其影响并不被认为是相关的。然而，它们的累积影响会造成经济、环境和社会问题。本文介绍了对 1994 年拉丁美洲灾害预防社会研究网络开发的 DesInventar 数据库的评估结果。此外，本文还提出了 2005 年在美洲灾害风险和管理指标方案框架内开发的新版地方灾害指数，该方案得到了美洲开发银行的支持。
