独自生活？自杀老年人的感知社会支持与慢性人际困难。
Alone? Perceived social support and chronic interpersonal difficulties in suicidal elders.
机构信息
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA.
出版信息
Int Psychogeriatr. 2010 May;22(3):445-54. doi: 10.1017/S1041610209991463. Epub 2009 Dec 15.
BACKGROUND
Social networks may protect depressed elders against suicidal behavior. However, conflict in important relationships may undermine the sense of social support, potentially negating the protective effects. Thus, we investigated the role of chronic interpersonal difficulties and perceived social support in depressed elders with and without suicidal thoughts and attempts.
METHODS
106 individuals aged 60 years and older participated in this cross-sectional, case-control study. They were placed in three groups: suicidal depressed, non-suicidal depressed and non-depressed. Following a detailed clinical characterization, we assessed perceived social support (Interpersonal Support Evaluation List), and chronic interpersonal difficulties (Inventory of Interpersonal Problems). Using general linear models, we explored the relationship between suicidal thoughts/attempts, social support, and chronic interpersonal difficulties. We also examined whether lower perceived social support explained the relationship between chronic interpersonal difficulties and suicidal thoughts/attempts.
RESULTS
Suicidal depressed elders reported the lowest levels of perceived social support (belonging, tangible support, and self-esteem) and higher levels of chronic interpersonal difficulties (struggle against others and interpersonal hostility), compared to both non-suicidal depressed and non-depressed elders. The relationship between chronic interpersonal difficulties and suicidal behavior was partially explained by low perceived social support.
CONCLUSIONS
The experience of strong affects, interpersonal struggle, and hostility in relationships may undermine the sense of social support in depressed elders, possibly leading them to contemplate or attempt suicide. Depressed elders with a history of interpersonal difficulties need to be carefully monitored for suicidal behavior.
背景
社交网络可能会保护抑郁的老年人免受自杀行为的影响。然而，重要关系中的冲突可能会破坏社会支持感，从而可能否定保护作用。因此，我们研究了慢性人际困难和感知到的社会支持在有和没有自杀念头和尝试的抑郁老年人中的作用。
方法
本横断面病例对照研究纳入了 106 名年龄在 60 岁及以上的个体。他们被分为三组：有自杀念头的抑郁组、无自杀念头的抑郁组和非抑郁组。在进行详细的临床特征描述后，我们评估了感知到的社会支持（人际关系支持评估清单）和慢性人际困难（人际关系问题清单）。我们使用一般线性模型探讨了自杀念头/尝试、社会支持和慢性人际困难之间的关系。我们还检查了较低的感知社会支持是否解释了慢性人际困难与自杀念头/尝试之间的关系。
结果
与非抑郁和非自杀抑郁的老年人相比，有自杀念头的抑郁老年人报告的感知社会支持（归属感、有形支持和自尊）水平最低，慢性人际困难（与他人斗争和人际敌意）水平更高。慢性人际困难与自杀行为之间的关系部分由感知到的社会支持水平较低来解释。
结论
在人际关系中经历强烈的情感、人际斗争和敌意，可能会削弱抑郁老年人的社会支持感，使他们可能考虑或尝试自杀。有慢性人际困难史的抑郁老年人需要对自杀行为进行仔细监测。
Zotero 插件