Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Mar;21(3):134-41. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2009.11.005. Epub 2009 Dec 7.
Caloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition slows the aging process and extends lifespan in diverse species by unknown mechanisms. The inverse linear relationship between calorie intake and lifespan suggests that regulators of energy metabolism are important in the actions of CR. Studies in several species reveal tissue-specific changes in energy metabolism with CR and suggest that metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in its mechanism of aging retardation. We herein describe common signatures of CR and suggest how they can slow aging. We discuss recent advances in understanding the function of key metabolic regulators that probably coordinate the response to altered nutrient availability with CR and how the pathways they regulate can retard the aging process.
热量限制（CR）而不导致营养不良可通过未知机制减缓多种物种的衰老过程并延长其寿命。卡路里摄入量与寿命之间的反比线性关系表明，能量代谢调节剂在 CR 的作用中很重要。几种物种的研究揭示了 CR 时能量代谢的组织特异性变化，并表明代谢重编程在其延缓衰老的机制中起关键作用。本文中，我们描述了 CR 的常见特征，并探讨了它们如何减缓衰老。我们讨论了理解关键代谢调节剂功能的最新进展，这些调节剂可能协调对改变的营养可用性的反应与 CR，并探讨它们调节的途径如何延缓衰老过程。
