Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Neuroimage. 2010 Mar;50(1):267-76. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.11.076. Epub 2010 Jan 8.
Although a family history of alcoholism is the strongest risk factor for developing alcohol dependence, there are few studies of the association between familial alcoholism and the human brain's reward system activity. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine how family history affects the brain's response to subjects' preferred alcoholic drink odors (AO) as compared to appetitive control odors (ApCO). Fourteen non-dependent heavy drinkers (HD) who were family history positive (FHP) participated, as did 12 HD who were family history negative (FHN). Subjects were imaged under both alcohol intoxication and placebo, using intravenous infusion and pharmacokinetic modeling to target a blood alcohol level of 50 mg%. Under placebo, HD-FHP had a larger medial frontal [AO>ApCO] effect than did HD-FHN. Alcohol intoxication dampened this response in the HD-FHP but potentiated it in the HD-FHN. This suggests that a family history of alcoholism and brain exposure to alcohol interact in heavy drinkers to differentially affect how the brain responds to alcohol cues.
虽然家族酗酒史是导致酒精依赖的最强风险因素，但很少有研究探讨家族酗酒史与人类大脑奖励系统活动之间的关系。我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来确定家族史如何影响大脑对个体偏爱的酒精饮料气味（AO）与食欲控制气味（ApCO）的反应。14 名非依赖性重度饮酒者（HD）中，有 7 名家族史阳性（FHP），12 名家族史阴性（FHN）。在酒精中毒和安慰剂两种状态下，通过静脉输注和药代动力学模型使血液酒精浓度达到 50mg%，对受试者进行成像。在安慰剂状态下，HD-FHP 的内侧额部（AO>ApCO）反应大于 HD-FHN。酒精中毒抑制了 HD-FHP 的这种反应，但增强了 HD-FHN 的这种反应。这表明，家族酗酒史和大脑暴露于酒精在重度饮酒者中相互作用，从而影响大脑对酒精线索的反应方式。
