Chambers April J, Sukits Alison L, McCrory Jean L, Cham Rakié
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2010 Feb;25(2):131-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2009.10.015. Epub 2009 Dec 11.
Anthropometry is a necessary aspect of aging-related research, especially in biomechanics and injury prevention. Little information is available on inertial parameters in the geriatric population that account for gender and obesity effects. The goal of this study was to report body segment parameters in adults aged 65 years and older, and to investigate the impact of aging, gender and obesity.
Eighty-three healthy old (65-75 years) and elderly (>75 years) adults were recruited to represent a range of body types. Participants underwent a whole body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Analysis was limited to segment mass, length, longitudinal center of mass position, and frontal plane radius of gyration. A mixed-linear regression model was performed using gender, obesity, age group and two-way and three-way interactions (alpha=0.05).
Mass distribution varied with obesity and gender. Males had greater trunk and upper extremity mass while females had a higher lower extremity mass. In general, obese elderly adults had significantly greater trunk segment mass with less thigh and shank segment mass than all others. Gender and obesity effects were found in center of mass and radius of gyration. Non-obese individuals possessed a more distal thigh and shank center of mass than obese. Interestingly, females had more distal trunk center of mass than males.
Age, obesity and gender have a significant impact on segment mass, center of mass and radius of gyration in old and elderly adults. This study underlines the need to consider age, obesity and gender when utilizing anthropometric data sets.
人体测量学是衰老相关研究的一个必要方面，尤其是在生物力学和损伤预防领域。关于老年人群中考虑性别和肥胖影响的惯性参数的信息很少。本研究的目的是报告65岁及以上成年人的身体节段参数，并研究衰老、性别和肥胖的影响。
招募了83名健康的老年人（65 - 75岁）和高龄老人（>75岁），以代表一系列体型。参与者接受了全身双能X线吸收法扫描。分析仅限于节段质量、长度、纵向质心位置和额面回转半径。使用性别、肥胖、年龄组以及双向和三向交互作用进行混合线性回归模型分析（α = 0.05）。
质量分布因肥胖和性别而异。男性的躯干和上肢质量较大，而女性的下肢质量较高。一般来说，肥胖的老年人躯干节段质量明显大于其他所有人，而大腿和小腿节段质量则较小。在质心和回转半径方面发现了性别和肥胖的影响。非肥胖个体的大腿和小腿质心比肥胖个体更靠近远端。有趣的是，女性的躯干质心比男性更靠近远端。
年龄、肥胖和性别对老年人和高龄老人的节段质量、质心和回转半径有显著影响。本研究强调在使用人体测量数据集时需要考虑年龄、肥胖和性别。
