Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
Genetics. 2010 Mar;184(3):799-812. doi: 10.1534/genetics.109.110304. Epub 2009 Dec 14.
Variation in maize for response to photoperiod is related to geographical adaptation in the species. Maize possesses homologs of many genes identified as regulators of flowering time in other species, but their relation to the natural variation for photoperiod response in maize is unknown. Candidate gene sequences were mapped in four populations created by crossing two temperate inbred lines to two photoperiod-sensitive tropical inbreds. Whole-genome scans were conducted by high-density genotyping of the populations, which were phenotyped over 3 years in both short- and long-day environments. Joint multiple population analysis identified genomic regions controlling photoperiod responses in flowering time, plant height, and total leaf number. Four key genome regions controlling photoperiod response across populations were identified, referred to as ZmPR1-4. Functional allelic differences within these regions among phenotypically similar founders suggest distinct evolutionary trajectories for photoperiod adaptation in maize. These regions encompass candidate genes CCA/LHY, CONZ1, CRY2, ELF4, GHD7, VGT1, HY1/SE5, TOC1/PRR7/PPD-1, PIF3, ZCN8, and ZCN19.
玉米对光周期反应的变异与其在物种中的地理适应性有关。玉米拥有许多被鉴定为其他物种开花时间调控因子的同源基因，但它们与玉米对光周期反应的自然变异的关系尚不清楚。候选基因序列被映射到四个由两个温带自交系与两个光周期敏感热带自交系杂交创建的群体中。通过对群体进行高密度基因分型进行全基因组扫描，并在短日和长日环境下对其进行了 3 年的表型分析。联合多群体分析确定了控制开花时间、株高和总叶数的光周期反应的基因组区域。在四个群体中鉴定出控制光周期反应的四个关键基因组区域，称为 ZmPR1-4。在表型相似的供体中，这些区域内功能等位基因的差异表明玉米对光周期适应的独特进化轨迹。这些区域包含候选基因 CCA/LHY、CONZ1、CRY2、ELF4、GHD7、VGT1、HY1/SE5、TOC1/PRR7/PPD-1、PIF3、ZCN8 和 ZCN19。
