CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy.
J Atheroscler Thromb. 2010 Apr 30;17(4):317-31. doi: 10.5551/jat.3228. Epub 2009 Dec 16.
The lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a multiligand receptor, whose repertoire of ligands includes oxidized low-density lipoprotein, advanced glycation endproducts, platelets, neutrophils, apoptotic/aged cells and bacteria. Sustained expression of LOX-1 by critical target cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and macrophages in proximity to these ligands, sets the stage for chronic cellular activation and tissue damage suggesting the interaction of cellular LOX-1 with its ligands to contribute to the formation and development of atherosclerotic plaques. Studies with transgenic and knockout mouse models have elucidated in part the role of LOX-1 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiac remodeling. Recently, a circulating soluble form of LOX-1 (sLOX-1), corresponding solely to its extracellular domain, has been identified in human serum. Circulating levels of sLOX-1 are increased in inflammatory and atherosclerotic conditions and are associated with acute coronary syndrome, with the severity of coronary artery disease, and with serum biomarkers for oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting that they could be a useful marker for vascular injury. However, many interesting questions have not yet been answered and in this review, we provide an updated overview of the literature on this receptor and on likely future directions.
凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体-1（LOX-1）是一种多配体受体，其配体包括氧化型低密度脂蛋白、晚期糖基化终产物、血小板、中性粒细胞、凋亡/衰老细胞和细菌。关键靶细胞（包括内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞和邻近这些配体的巨噬细胞）持续表达 LOX-1，为慢性细胞激活和组织损伤奠定了基础，表明细胞 LOX-1 与其配体的相互作用有助于动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成和发展。利用转基因和基因敲除小鼠模型的研究部分阐明了 LOX-1 在动脉粥样硬化和心脏重构发病机制中的作用。最近，在人血清中发现了一种循环的可溶性 LOX-1 形式（sLOX-1），它仅对应于其细胞外结构域。炎症和动脉粥样硬化条件下循环 sLOX-1 水平升高，与急性冠状动脉综合征、冠状动脉疾病严重程度以及氧化应激和炎症的血清生物标志物相关，表明其可能是血管损伤的有用标志物。然而，许多有趣的问题尚未得到解答，在这篇综述中，我们提供了对该受体以及可能的未来方向的文献的最新概述。
