School of Human Kineitcs, University of Ottawa, 125 University Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2010 Oct-Dec;22(5-6):367-73. doi: 10.1007/BF03337732. Epub 2009 Dec 14.
Programs designed to improve balance in older adults may function by improving general fitness (strength, endurance, range of motion) and also changing the attentional demands of postural control. Research in previously sedentary older adults cannot differentiate between changes in balance ability resulting from improved fitness or reduced attentional demands. A training program of games-based balance biofeedback was given to nine older adults with previous exercise experience.
Training consisted of sixteen sessions (twice weekly for eight weeks) of 30 minutes each. Postural sway (force plate measurement), attentional demands (dual task paradigm), the Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M), and the six minute walk test were measured in pre, post and retention tests.
Participants in the training group significantly decreased their reaction time from pre to post testing in a dual task paradigm compared to a control group. The training group also significantly increased their scores on the CB&M scale compared to control participants. The decreased reaction times and increased CB&M scores observed in the training group were maintained through a two week retention period. Changes in reaction time were significantly correlated with changes in CB&M score. Six minute walk distance increased significantly in both groups and did not appear to result directly from the training program.
Gamesbased balance biofeedback training using a range of training postures can significantly improve functional balance in exercise trained older adults by reducing the attentional demands of postural control.
旨在提高老年人平衡能力的方案可能通过提高一般健康水平（力量、耐力、运动范围）和改变姿势控制的注意力需求来发挥作用。在以前久坐不动的老年人中进行的研究无法区分由于健身水平提高或注意力需求降低而导致的平衡能力变化。为有运动经验的 9 名老年人提供了基于游戏的平衡生物反馈训练计划。
训练包括 16 次（每周 2 次，持续 8 周），每次 30 分钟。在预测试、后测试和保留测试中测量姿势摆动（力板测量）、注意力需求（双任务范式）、社区平衡和移动量表（CB&M）和 6 分钟步行测试。
与对照组相比，训练组在双任务范式中的反应时间从预测试到后测试显著降低。与对照组相比，训练组在 CB&M 量表上的得分也显著增加。训练组观察到的反应时间降低和 CB&M 评分增加在两周的保留期内保持不变。反应时间的变化与 CB&M 评分的变化显著相关。两组的 6 分钟步行距离均显著增加，且似乎并非直接来自培训计划。
使用一系列训练姿势的基于游戏的平衡生物反馈训练可以通过降低姿势控制的注意力需求，显著提高有运动经验的老年人的功能性平衡。
