Mayeux R, Sano M, Chen J, Tatemichi T, Stern Y
Department of Neurology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
Arch Neurol. 1991 Mar;48(3):269-73. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1991.00530150037014.
First-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are at greater risk for dementia when compared with the relatives of their healthy peers, but not when compared with the relatives of patients with Parkinson's disease. This may indicate that the risk of dementia in these relatives is not specific to AD or that these studies are biased. We obtained a family history and vital status information on each first-degree relative of patients attending a clinic and in a group of recruited healthy elderly subjects. Patients formed two groups: probable AD and other forms of dementia or cognitive disorders without dementia. The odds of dementia in first-degree relatives did not differ between patient groups. The odds of dementia in relatives of patients with probable AD or other forms of dementia was six times that in the relatives of the healthy elderly subjects. The cumulative incidence of dementia increased with age in the first-degree relatives of all subjects. Approximately 50% of the first-degree relatives of patients with AD were demented by age 91 years, but almost the same number of the other patient group's relatives were demented as well. That figure was never reached in the healthy elderly subject's relatives. Because the risk of dementia in first-degree relatives of patients with AD was similar to that for patients with other disorders, we cannot exclude the possibility that this is the result of selection and information biases. Our investigation implies that the increased risk of dementia may not be specific to relatives of patients with AD; the risk may also be increased in first-degree relatives of patients with other neurologic disorders.
与健康同龄人相比，阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者的一级亲属患痴呆症的风险更高，但与帕金森病患者的亲属相比则不然。这可能表明这些亲属患痴呆症的风险并非AD所特有，或者这些研究存在偏差。我们获取了在一家诊所就诊的患者以及一组招募的健康老年受试者的每位一级亲属的家族史和生命状态信息。患者分为两组：可能患有AD组和其他形式的痴呆症或无痴呆的认知障碍组。患者组之间一级亲属患痴呆症的几率没有差异。可能患有AD或其他形式痴呆症患者的亲属患痴呆症的几率是健康老年受试者亲属的6倍。所有受试者的一级亲属中痴呆症的累积发病率随年龄增长而增加。AD患者约50%的一级亲属在91岁时患痴呆症，但其他患者组的亲属患痴呆症的人数几乎相同。健康老年受试者的亲属从未达到这个数字。由于AD患者一级亲属患痴呆症的风险与其他疾病患者相似，我们不能排除这是选择和信息偏差导致的结果。我们的调查表明，痴呆症风险增加可能并非AD患者亲属所特有；其他神经系统疾病患者的一级亲属患痴呆症的风险也可能增加。
