Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2010 May;36(3):222-30. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.2885. Epub 2009 Dec 14.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether working as a daycare employee increases the risk of perinatal death, pre-term birth, low birth weight, smallness for gestational age, or congenital malformations.
We conducted a register-based cohort study among daycare employees and women from various occupations of healthcare (reference group). Study subjects were identified from the files of Finnish trade unions and the National Authority for Medicolegal Affairs. Pregnancy outcomes, antenatal occupation, and working status were obtained by linkage to national registers. The final data consisted of 13 299 and 12 182 singleton births in the study and reference groups, respectively. We analyzed pregnancy outcome data using generalized estimating equations and linear regression.
The occurrences of pre-term birth [odds ratio (OR) 0.91, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.79-1.06], perinatal death (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.62-1.34), smallness for gestational age (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.91-1.12), and congenital malformation (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.92-1.32) were similar among the children of the daycare employees and the reference group. The adjusted mean birth weight of the children of the daycare employees was slightly higher (14 g, 95% CI -1-29) than that of the reference group, but the difference was attenuated to 6 g in the subset of the first births.
Daycare employees were not, in general, at an increased risk of an adverse pregnancy outcome. However, efforts should nevertheless be made to prevent their exposure to harmful viruses and heavy physical load during pregnancy.
本研究旨在探讨日托员工的工作是否会增加围产期死亡、早产、低出生体重、小于胎龄儿或先天性畸形的风险。
我们在日托员工和来自不同医疗保健职业的女性（参照组）中进行了一项基于登记的队列研究。研究对象是从芬兰工会和国家法医局的档案中确定的。通过与国家登记册的链接，获得了妊娠结局、产前职业和工作状况。最终数据包括研究组和参照组的 13299 名和 12182 名单胎分娩。我们使用广义估计方程和线性回归分析妊娠结局数据。
早产（优势比 [OR] 0.91，95%置信区间 [95%CI] 0.79-1.06）、围产期死亡（OR 0.91，95%CI 0.62-1.34）、小于胎龄儿（OR 1.01，95%CI 0.91-1.12）和先天性畸形（OR 1.10，95%CI 0.92-1.32）的发生率在日托员工子女和参照组之间相似。日托员工子女的调整后平均出生体重略高（14 克，95%CI -1-29），但在首次分娩的亚组中，这一差异减弱至 6 克。
一般来说，日托员工并没有增加不良妊娠结局的风险。然而，仍应努力防止他们在怀孕期间接触有害病毒和重体力负荷。
