Bureau of Occupational Health, Center for Environmental Health, New York State Department of Health, Flanigan Square, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Lung. 2010 Apr;188(2):107-13. doi: 10.1007/s00408-009-9206-y. Epub 2009 Dec 12.
This study evaluated whether impulse oscillometry (IOS) testing revealed signs of respiratory disease in New York State (NYS) World Trade Center (WTC) responders in comparison with unexposed NYS employees. It also compared self-reported respiratory symptoms between the two groups, 6 years post-9/11. For this evaluation participants completed a self-administered questionnaire regarding respiratory symptoms. IOS testing included measures of resistance and reactance to assess for peripheral versus central airway effects. Two hundred forty-eight subjects (99 exposed and 149 unexposed) were included in the final analysis. Since September 11, 2001, NYS responders were more likely to report new or worsening cough in the absence of a respiratory infection, cough consistent with chronic bronchitis, current respiratory symptoms, or lower respiratory symptoms in the last 12 months. Significant associations were found between IOS indices and gender, smoking history, and obesity. When comparing exposed and unexposed participants, there were no significant differences in the geometric means of the IOS indices. Responders who used a respirator with canister demonstrated significantly lower respiratory resistance at 5 and 20 Hz (R5 and R20). While this study has provided no evidence of an association between WTC exposure and peripheral airways disease in this cohort of responders, results do suggest that use of a respirator with canister may be protective for central airways in responders exposed to dust and smoke. This emphasizes the importance of stressing proper respirator use in planning responses to future disasters. Our control data also provide useful reference values for future IOS research.
本研究评估了在纽约州（NYS）世界贸易中心（WTC） responder 中，脉冲震荡（IOS）测试是否揭示了呼吸道疾病的迹象，与未暴露于 WTC 环境的 NYS 员工相比。本研究还比较了两组人员在 9/11 事件发生 6 年后报告的呼吸道症状。为了进行这项评估，参与者完成了一份关于呼吸道症状的自我报告问卷。IOS 测试包括阻力和电抗的测量，以评估外周和中央气道的影响。最终分析纳入了 248 名受试者（99 名暴露组和 149 名未暴露组）。自 2001 年 9 月 11 日以来，NYS responder 更有可能报告无呼吸道感染的新发或恶化咳嗽、慢性支气管炎特征性咳嗽、当前呼吸道症状或过去 12 个月内下呼吸道症状。IOS 指数与性别、吸烟史和肥胖之间存在显著关联。在比较暴露组和未暴露组参与者时，IOS 指数的几何平均值没有显著差异。使用带罐式滤盒的呼吸器的 responder 在 5Hz 和 20Hz 时的呼吸阻力显著降低（R5 和 R20）。虽然本研究未提供 WTC 暴露与该 responder 群体外周气道疾病之间存在关联的证据，但结果确实表明，对于暴露于粉尘和烟雾的 responder，使用带罐式滤盒的呼吸器可能对中央气道具有保护作用。这强调了在规划应对未来灾害时，正确使用呼吸器的重要性。我们的对照组数据也为未来 IOS 研究提供了有用的参考值。
