Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, St. Marien Hospital Borken, Borken, Germany.
Gerontology. 2010;56(4):371-7. doi: 10.1159/000265998. Epub 2009 Dec 11.
Despite extensive discussion about percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in nursing home residents, no prevalence data exist in most countries.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PEG in German nursing homes, as well as nursing home characteristics that may influence this prevalence. Additionally, we documented the timing of PEG insertion, whether pre- or post-admission to the nursing home, and the proportion of residents receiving oral nutrition in addition to tube feeds.
A 26-item questionnaire was sent to 6,995 German nursing homes. Responses were anonymous.
Of the 6,995 questionnaires sent out, 807 (11.5%) were completed and returned. Of the 66,507 total residents in the responding nursing homes, there were 4,390 residents with PEG (6.6%). The median PEG prevalence was 5.6% (5th-95th percentile 1.0-16.3%). Of all PEGs inserted, 55.3% were inserted before and 44.7% were inserted after nursing home admission. Oral beverage intake in addition to tube feeding was reported in 48.8% of residents with a PEG, and 43.5% of patients also received solid food. There were no significant differences in PEG prevalence between the federal states of Germany. The location (rural vs. urban) of the nursing home, its proprietor and food delivery method had no significant influence on PEG prevalence. With regard only to PEG tubes inserted after nursing home admission, all the factors stated above showed no significant influence on PEG prevalence. Weak positive correlations between PEG prevalence and the size of the nursing home as well as the number of total and certified nursing staff per resident could be detected, reflecting the heavy burden of care associated with residents requiring artificial nutrition.
Compared to other countries, Germany can be assumed to have an average PEG prevalence in nursing home residents. No specific nursing home characteristics could be identified that affect PEG prevalence.
尽管已经对经皮内镜下胃造口术（PEG）在养老院居民中的应用进行了广泛的讨论，但在大多数国家都没有关于其流行率的数据。
本研究旨在确定德国养老院中 PEG 的流行率，以及可能影响这一流行率的养老院特征。此外，我们还记录了 PEG 插入的时间，是在入住养老院之前还是之后，以及接受管饲和口服营养的居民比例。
向 6995 家德国养老院发放了一份包含 26 个问题的调查问卷。回复是匿名的。
在发出的 6995 份问卷中，有 807 份（11.5%）完成并返回。在回复问卷的养老院的 66507 名居民中，有 4390 名居民接受了 PEG（6.6%）。PEG 的中位数流行率为 5.6%（5 至 95 百分位为 1.0-16.3%）。在所有插入的 PEG 中，55.3%是在入住养老院之前插入的，44.7%是在入住之后插入的。报告称，48.8%接受 PEG 治疗的患者除了管饲外还摄入了饮料，43.5%的患者还摄入了固体食物。德国各州之间的 PEG 流行率没有显著差异。养老院的位置（农村与城市）、所有者和食物供应方式对 PEG 流行率没有显著影响。仅考虑入住养老院后插入的 PEG 管，上述所有因素对 PEG 流行率均无显著影响。可以检测到 PEG 流行率与养老院规模以及每居民总护理人员和认证护理人员数量之间存在微弱的正相关，这反映了需要人工营养的居民所带来的沉重护理负担。
与其他国家相比，德国养老院居民的 PEG 流行率可被认为处于平均水平。没有发现特定的养老院特征会影响 PEG 流行率。
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