德国口服和管饲老年养老院居民的营养不良患病率及其与健康投诉和饮食摄入的关系。
Prevalence of malnutrition in orally and tube-fed elderly nursing home residents in Germany and its relation to health complaints and dietary intake.
机构信息
Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Heimerichstraße 58, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany.
出版信息
Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2011;2011:247315. doi: 10.1155/2011/247315. Epub 2011 May 19.
Objective. To investigate the prevalence of malnutrition in orally and tube-fed nursing home (NH) residents in Germany and its relation to common health complaints and dietary intake. Methods. In 350 NH residents, subjects' characteristics, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and several health problems were inquired with the nursing staff using standardised interviews. In a subset of 122 residents, dietary intake was assessed by 3-day weighing records. Results. 7.7% of the participants were tube fed. 24.1% of orally nourished and 57.7% of tube-fed residents were malnourished (MNA < 17 p.). Malnutrition was significantly related to nausea/vomiting, constipation, pressure ulcers, dehydration, infections, antibiotic use, and hospitalisation. Mean daily energy intake was 1535 ± 413 kcal and mean protein intake was 54.2 ± 0.9 g/d irrespective of the nutritional state. Conclusion. In Germany, malnutrition is widespread among NH residents and is related to common health problems. The MNA rather reflects health condition than currently reduced dietary intake.
目的。调查德国口服和管饲养老院（NH）居民营养不良的流行情况及其与常见健康问题和饮食摄入的关系。方法。对 350 名 NH 居民，护理人员使用标准化访谈询问了受试者的特征、迷你营养评估（MNA）和一些健康问题。在 122 名居民的亚组中，通过 3 天称重记录评估饮食摄入。结果。参与者中有 7.7%接受管饲。24.1%的口服喂养和 57.7%的管饲居民存在营养不良（MNA<17 p.）。营养不良与恶心/呕吐、便秘、压疮、脱水、感染、抗生素使用和住院显著相关。无论营养状况如何，平均每日能量摄入为 1535±413 kcal，平均蛋白质摄入为 54.2±0.9 g/d。结论。在德国，NH 居民中营养不良很普遍，与常见健康问题有关。MNA 反映的是健康状况，而不是目前的饮食摄入减少。
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